Induction and Proliferation of Moringa oleifera Somatic Embryo Callus using Solid Liquid and Temporary Immersion System

Moringa oleifera Lam., a promising functional food, can be propagated rapidly through somatic embryogenesis technique. This method has advantages, such as rapid seed generation, absence of a dormant phase, and bipolar cotyledons. The induction of M. oleifera callus involves plant growth regulators, the type of explants, and the media used. In this study, we investigated the effects of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L of BAP and picloram on inducing embryonic callus in M. oleifera plants. Additionally, we examined the impact of amino acids such as proline, glutamine, and cysteine on the proliferation stage of the embryonic callus. The results showed that 1 mg/L BAP and picloram significantly enhanced callus induction, as indicated by increased callus diameter, weight, and volume. The growth of M. oleifera callus was also influenced by the concentration of amino acids. The optimal proliferation callus was achieved using 200 mg/L of proline in Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) medium with the Temporary Immersion System (TIS). Furthermore, embryogenic callus was generated using 200 mg/L proline, 50 mg/L glutamine, and 50 and 100 mg/L cysteine. The addition of 200 mg/L proline to DKW yielded the best results in TIS.

Rudiyanto, Purwito A, Efendi D, Martin AF. 2024. Induction and proliferation of Moringa oleifera somatic embryo callus using solid liquid and temporary immersion system. IJAB 32(3):294-300.

 

Link DOI: https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.2204

 

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In Vitro Shoot Growth and Root Formation Enhancement of Moringa oleifera Linn. on DKW Medium Containing Cytokinins and Auxins

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Linn.) is a popular plant as a functional food crop. In micropropagation, modifying the medium culture is critical to determine the best nutrient composition for plantlet production. The antecedent research showed that the basic DKW (Driver and Kuniyaki Walnut) medium was the best compared to MS (Murashige and Skoog), WPM (Woody Plant Medium), NN (Nitsch and Nitsch), and B5 (Gamborg) media. This experiment aimed to enhance the growth of shoot culture and its root formation on a basic DKW medium supplemented with cytokinins and auxins. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment was designed to obtain the best medium for shoot growth by adding cytokinin BAP, Kinetin, 2-IP, and Zeatin. The use of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), NAA (1-naphthalene acetic acid), and IBA (3-indolebutyric acid) to enhance root formation was set for the second experiment. A completely randomized design with two elements was utilized for the experiment. The variables tried were: Plant Growth Regulators (PGR): BAP, Kinetin, 2-IP, and Zeatin with 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l for shoot development and IAA, NAA, and IBA at a similar concentration for root arrangement. Every treatment comprised of 12 recreates. The factors noticed were shoot stature, shoot numbers, petiole numbers, root numbers, and root length noticed one time per week. Following a month and a half after culture, plantlet performance were recorded. The best shoot stature, shoot numbers, and petiole numbers were created on a medium enhanced with 1 mg/l Kinetin and significantly unique with others. The most significant roots and root length were created at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l IAA.

Rudiyanto, R., Purwito, A., Efendi, D., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2023, January). In vitro shoot growth and root formation enhancement of Moringa oleifera Linn. on DKW medium containing cytokinins and auxins. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2606, No. 1). AIP Publishing.

Link DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0118345

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Growth Response of Four Acccessions of Moringa oleifera Linn Shoots Cultured on Various Basic Media

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Linn) has a highly considerable nutritional value. The conventional propagation of Moringa has limitation. Propagation through tissue culture offers uniform transplants, and free of pests and diseases. Selection of basic medium is a critical point to find out the best medium compositions for micropropagation. The research was aimed to investigate growth response of M. oleifera shoots cultured on several basic media. The experimental design was factorial complete random design with two factors i.e. types of basic medium (MS, WPM, DKW, NN, and B5) in combination with accessions of M. oleifera: Bogor, Pekalongan, Bima and Blora. Each treatment consisted of 12 replicates. The growth variables observed were shoot height, number of shoots, number of petioles, number of roots, fresh weight, dry weight of plantlets, and plantlet performance. The growth observation was carried out every week. The results showed that type of basic medium significantly affected shoot height, number of petioles, fresh weight, dry weight, and number of shoots, but, it did not significantly affect the number of roots. The accessions significantly affected shoot height, number of petioles, number of roots, fresh weight, and dry weight, but, did not significantly affect number of shoots. The ANOVA showed an interaction between basic medium in combination with accessions on all growth variables observed. The highest shoot height (13,97 cm), number of petioles (12,33), and number of roots (8.33) were achieved on DKW basic medium on Bima and Pekalongan accessions, while the highest number of shoots (6.33) was found in NN medium.

Rudiyanto, Purwito, A., Efendi, D., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2021). Growth response of four accessions of Moringa oleifera Linn shoots cultured on various basic media. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 741, No. 1, p. 012054). IOP Publishing.

Link DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/741/1/012054

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Micropropagation of diploid and tetraploid Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng

 

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is commonly consumed by people in North Sumatra, Indonesia, as a vegetable, which is commonly called Torbangun. Plant tissue culture is an alternative method for the mass-production of transplants. Genetic improvement by somatic cell manipulation such as induction of polyploid plants is needed to improve biomass production as well as their secondary metabolite products. This research aimed to conduct in vitro micropropagation of diploid and tetraploid P. amboinicus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing BAP or Kinetin. Shoot tips were used as explants and cultured on MS medium containing BAP or Kinetin at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l given as single concentration. The experiment used a completely randomized design with four replications. Each replication consisted of three explants. The results showed that height of shoots was affected by type of cytokinins. Kinetin at 0.5 mg/l gave the highest shoots of tetraploid plants significantly different with addition of BAP both to diploid and tetraploid plants. The number of multiple shoots and leaves varied in both diploid and tetraploid plants. Root formation was best on the medium without addition of cytokinins. Both diploid and tetraploid plantlets had a high survival rate after acclimatization in the greenhouse

Sari, L., Rudiyanto, Hafiizh, E. A., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2021, May). Micropropagation of diploid and tetraploid Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 762, No. 1, p. 012040). IOP Publishing.

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In vitro growth of Sempur (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) shoots in response to different types of plants growth regulators supplemented on MS medium

 

Plant tissue culture of Sempur (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) has not been widely reported. The previous study showed that BAP added to Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium promoted the growth of D. philippinensis shoot culture. This research aimed to investigate the growth of D. philippinensis shoot tip cultures on MS medium containing three types of cytokinins namely BAP, Kinetin, and 2-iP compared with Gibberelic acid (GA3). The results showed that the type and concentrations of cytokinins significantly affected all growth parameters observed except the number of roots which was only influenced by cytokinin concentrations alone. However, different levels of GA3 did not significantly affect all growth parameters observed. After eight weeks of culture, MS medium containing 1 mg/l 2-iP gave the best response for plant height, (3.68± 0.26 cm). The highest number of leaves (20.33±3.14) and nodes (6.67± 0.21) were found in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l BAP. While the highest number of roots (1.83±0.17) was found in MS medium without the addition of cytokinins. The range of average values of plant height at different levels of GA3 was 3.08-3.74 cm; the number of leaves was 5.1-7.5; the number of nodes was 3.9-5.4 and the number of roots was 1.0-2.8.

Wulandari, D. R., Rudiyanto, Rantau, D. E., Ermayanti, T. M., & Firdaus, H. L. (2021, May). In vitro growth of Sempur (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) shoots in response to different types of plants growth regulators supplemented on MS medium. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 762, No. 1, p. 012037). IOP Publishing.

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The effect of medium formulation and BAP concentration of growth and development of Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. shoot in vitro

Tissue culture of agarwood tree (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam) was done to produce a large number of transplants in the laboratory. The compositions of medium culture are commonly modified to obtain the best growth of explants to regenerate into plantlets. Our study aimed to evaluate and compare different medium formulations supplemented with BAP on agarwood shoot culture growth. In this study we used MS, NN, B5, AR and WP medium containing 0 (control treatment), 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L BAP. The shoot tips were cultured for 16 weeks in the treatment media. Height of shoots, number of leaves, number of adventive shoots, and number of roots was recorded every week to determine the growth. The results showed that after 16 weeks of culture, the best medium for shoot height was NN medium with BAP fortification (3.54cm) for number of leaves and adventive shoots proliferation was Gamborg B5 medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L BAP (21.63 leaves and 8,38 shoots), while NN medium without BAP was best for rooting.

Hapsari, B. W., Rudiyanto, Martin, A. F., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2021). The effect of medium formulation and BAP concentration of growth and development of Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. shoot in vitro. ISIBIO 2020. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 762 (2021) 012033. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/762/1/012033

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