Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Concentrations on Growth and Proline Content of Tacca leontopetaloides Shoots Cultured in vitro

Tacca leontopetaloides (called taka) is a tuberous plant producing high carbohydrate content useful as functional food. This plant grows in some limited coastal area in Indonesia. Tissue culture of this plant has been done for micropropagation and for in vitro conservations. Genetic improvement is important to produce genotypes which are able to grow in a marginal land such as in a drought condition. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations added to culture medium on growth and proline content of taka shoots culturedin vitro. Shoots of taka were treated with 2.5-15% PEG. After 6 weeks of treatments, growth was evaluated by recording height of shoots, number of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots and fresh weight. Proline content was also determined at the same time. The results showed that growth of taka decreased along with increase in PEG concentrations. In contrary, proline content in taka explants increased along with increase in PEG concentrations. Taka produced few roots on the medium added with high level of PEG (7.5-15%).

Martin AF., Hapsari B.W, Rudiyanto and Ermayanti TM. 2016. Proceedings The 6th Indonesian Biotechnology Conference. Surakarta. 6: 299-304

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Somatic Embryo Germination of Jatropha curcas L in Presence of Sucrose and Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG)

Jatropha curcas L. is a potential source of a non-edible biofuel. Conventional propagation of J. curcas technique has some limitations. Somatic embryo can produce a large number of embryos and obtain a large number of plants all year round. Treatment of sucrose in combination with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was proven to enhance germination of somatic embryos in many plant species. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sucrose in combination of PEG on somatic embryo germination in J. curcas. Globular somatic embryos at 0.025-0.030 g fresh weight having 0.4-0.5 cm in diameter were grown on MS medium solidified with 3 g/l of Gelzan supplemented with sucrose at 20, 30, 40, and 50 g/l in combination with PEG at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15%. Results showed that the best medium for germination of J. curcas somatic embryo cultures was MS medium supplemented with 20 and 30 g/l of sucrose in combination with 5% of PEG. The numbers of germinated embryos per clump had significant enhancement on those medium compared with the control (PEG free treatment) (2.65 to 5.65) and (2.55 to 5.50). In addition, those treatments resulted in the highest percentage of clumps forming germinated embryos (100%), with an average of normal germinated embryos at 94.163 and 96.065%. The addition of 40 and 50 g/l of sucrose in combination with 15% of PEG caused all embryos to fail at germinating.

Rudiyanto, R., Efendi, D., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2014, June). Somatic embryo germination of Jatropha curcas L in presence of sucrose and poly ethylene glycol (PEG). In Annales Bogorienses (Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 35-43).

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Growth and Proline Accumulation in Response to Osmotic Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol Treatment in Tacca leontopetaloides Cultured In Vitro

 

Tacca leontopetaloides known as Polynesian arrowroot is a wild tuberous perennial herb. In addition, T. leontopetaloides is a valuable plant not only as staple food but also as a medicinal herb. Nonetheless, there are very few literatures and research on the potential of this plant. In this study, the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as stress osmoticum in T. leontopetaloides cultured in vitro on growth and proline accumulation was investigated. The shoot culture of T. leontopetaloides was subjected to six levels of PEG concentrations (2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5 and 15%). Growth parameter was evaluated by observing shoot height, number of shoots, number of leaves and number of roots for 6 weeks of culture. After 6 weeks of culture, fresh weight and proline content were determined. The results showed that number of shoots and number of leaves increased after 2.5% PEG treatment while number of roots increased after 5% PEG treatment. Conversely, higher concentrations of PEG inhibited growth. In line with this, culture fresh weight decreased along with the increase of PEG concentrations. To summarize, the growth of culture decreased along with the increase of PEG concentrations. In contrast, proline concentration increased along with the increase of PEG concentrations.

Martin, A. F., Hapsari, B. W., Rudiyanto, R., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2018). Growth and proline accumulation in response to osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol treatment in Tacca leontopetaloides cultured in vitro.

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