Pengaruh Modifikasi KH2PO4, NH4NO3 dan Sukrosa terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas serta Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Taka (Tacca leontopetaloides) secara In vitro

Polynesian arrowroot (Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze), which is one of the bulbous herbaceous plants, have high nutritional value. Modification of macro nutrients by reducing nitrogen content and increasing phosphorus on the medium gave affects on shoot growth and initiated micro tuber formation on in vitro cultures. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of modified macro nutrients in combination with the increase in sucrose concentrations on shoot growth and micro tuber formation of T. leontopetaloides. The experimental design was factorial completely randomized design.The factors tested were modifications of MS macro nutrients that were. M1 (170 mg/l KH2PO4 and 1650 mg/l NH4NO3; normal, control treatment); M2 (340 mg/l KH2PO4 and 825 mg/l NH4NO3); and M3 (680 mg/l KH2PO4 and 412.5 mg/l NH4NO3 in combination with 30 (S1) (control treatment), 40 (S2), 50 (S3) and 60 g/l of sucrose (S4). The variables tested were shoot height, number of leaves, number of roots and number of micro tuber which were observed weekly at 0-8 weeks after culturing. The results showed that the modification of macro nutrient in combination with sucrose concentration had significant effect on shoot height, number of leaves and number of roots but not significant on the number of tubers. The highest shoots were found in M1S3 treatment, the highest number of leaves was in M1S1 and M1S3 treatment and the highest number of roots was in M1S4 treatment. The number of tubers not significantly different between the treatments tested.

Rudiyanto, R., Hapsari, B. W., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2018). Pengaruh Modifikasi KH2PO4, NH4NO3 dan Sukrosa terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas serta Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Taka (Tacca leontopetaloides) secara In vitro. JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA, 14(1).

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Effect of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) in Combination with Calcium Pantothenate on Micropropagation of Dahlia sp

Effort to increase growth of in vitro explants could be done by addition of vitamin and plant growth regulators. This current study was aimed to investigate the effect of addition of calcium pantothenate in combination with Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on in vitro growth of Dahlia sp. Shoots of dahlia were grown on MS medium. Experimental design was factorial completely randomized design. The factors tested were calcium pantothenate in combination with GA3 using concentration level at 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L respectively. The variables recorded were shoot height, number of leaves, number of shoots and number of roots which were observed weekly at 0-8 weeks after cultures. The results showed that GA3 significantly affected all variables but calcium pantothenate did not significantly affect the number of shoots and number of leaves based the Anova analysis. The highest number of leaves and number of shoots were produced by media MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/L GA3 without addition of calcium pantothenate (16.00 ± 2.73 and 3.00 ± 0.37 respectively). On Media MS with 0.5 mg/L calcium pantothenate alone produce 12.23 ± 1.13 cm shoot height and 3.33 ± 0.84 number of roots. The addition of 2 mg/L calcium pantothenate on MS medium inhibited explants growth.

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Detection of Somaclonal Variation in Jatropha curcas Linn. Plantlets Regenerated from Somatic Embryo using ISSR Markers

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.) has the potential as a source of sustainable biofuels. Somatic embryo proliferation of J. curcas may cause somaclonal variations. This research aimed to investigate somaclonal variations of J. curcas somatic embryo derived-plantlet using ISSR markers. Somatic embryos of J. curcas at the globular phase were cultured on liquid MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg L-1 of 2,4-D. Parameter observed were embryos weight, embryos volume, colour, and size of embryos. After proliferation, the embryos were cultured on a germination medium until the cotyledonary phase. The plantlet’s leaves were used for DNA samples for ISSR analysis. The results showed that proliferation of J. curcas somatic embryos was optimal at MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 2,4-D and produced the highest weight and volume of embryos. The furthest genetic distance occurred between the control and J. curcas plantlet which was regenerated from MS + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D which had 0.60 of similarity coefficient.

Rudiyanto, Efendi, D., Al-Hafiizh, E., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2021). DETEKSI VARIASI SOMAKLONAL PLANLET Jatropha curcas Linn. HASIL REGENERASI EMBRIO SOMATIK DENGAN MARKA MOLEKULAR ISSR. Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI), 8(1), 14-24.

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Growth and Proline Accumulation in Response to Osmotic Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol Treatment in Tacca leontopetaloides Cultured In Vitro

 

Tacca leontopetaloides known as Polynesian arrowroot is a wild tuberous perennial herb. In addition, T. leontopetaloides is a valuable plant not only as staple food but also as a medicinal herb. Nonetheless, there are very few literatures and research on the potential of this plant. In this study, the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as stress osmoticum in T. leontopetaloides cultured in vitro on growth and proline accumulation was investigated. The shoot culture of T. leontopetaloides was subjected to six levels of PEG concentrations (2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5 and 15%). Growth parameter was evaluated by observing shoot height, number of shoots, number of leaves and number of roots for 6 weeks of culture. After 6 weeks of culture, fresh weight and proline content were determined. The results showed that number of shoots and number of leaves increased after 2.5% PEG treatment while number of roots increased after 5% PEG treatment. Conversely, higher concentrations of PEG inhibited growth. In line with this, culture fresh weight decreased along with the increase of PEG concentrations. To summarize, the growth of culture decreased along with the increase of PEG concentrations. In contrast, proline concentration increased along with the increase of PEG concentrations.

Martin, A. F., Hapsari, B. W., Rudiyanto, R., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2018). Growth and proline accumulation in response to osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol treatment in Tacca leontopetaloides cultured in vitro.

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Induksi Poliploid Tacca leontopetaloides Linn Secara in vitro dengan Orizalin

Taka plant (Tacca leontopetaloides Linn.) which produces tubers useful for a source of carbohydrates. In Indonesia, this plant grows only at coastal areas. Tissue culture has been developed for conservation and mass propagation in many plant species. Increasing genetic diversity and plant productivity can be achieved by polyploidization. The aim of this research was to induce Taka polyploid plants in vitro culture using oryzalin. Experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with factors tested were 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 75 μM orizalyn. Every treatment has 20 replicates. The variables observed were: shoot height, number of leaves and number of roots which were observed weekly at 1-4 weeks after culture. Flowsitometer analysis was done to confirm of Taka ploidy. The results showed that shoot height and number of leaves on 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 75 μM of orizalyn were not significantly different. The highest number of roots was produced by control and 30 μM of oryzalin. Additional of 15 and 75 μM oryzalin produced highest tetraploid shoots. Mixoploid shoots were found with 75 μM oryzalin. Triploid shoots were only produced by 75 μM oryzalin, while hexaploid and octaploid shoots were produced by 7.5 and 15 μM oryzalin, respectively.

Martin, A. F., Rudiyanto, B. W. H., & Ermayanti, T. M. (2018). INDUKSI POLIPLOID TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES LINN SECARA IN VITRO DENGAN ORIZALIN. Prosiding SemNas “Biodiversitas Untuk Kehidupan”; Jakarta.

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